habitatGardens, wood-chip mulch and disturbed ground, also broadleaf woodland
edibilityInedible — foul smell
├─ Key Features
  • │ ▸ Starts as a whitish, leathery 'egg' at the base
  • │ ▸ Opens into 4–6 (rarely 8) bright red, tentacle-like arms
  • │ ▸ Inner surfaces covered with a dark, olive-brown spore mass (gleba)
  • │ ▸ Strong smell of rotting flesh
└─ Originally from Australasia, now a widespread invasive species across Europe; the odour attracts flies that disperse the spores.
habitatUnder spruce (Picea), more rarely in mixed forest, from lowland to subalpine
edibilityEdible
├─ Key Features
  • │ ▸ Orange to carrot-red cap with faint concentric zones, greening with age
  • │ ▸ Orange, later greenish milk that stains weakly orange on exposure
  • │ ▸ Gills bruise green where damaged
  • │ ▸ Stem without distinct pits; latex mild to slightly bitter, never hot
habitatUnder spruce (Picea), more rarely in mixed forest, from lowland to subalpine
edibilityEdible
├─ Key Features
  • │ ▸ Orange to carrot-red cap with faint concentric zones, greening with age
  • │ ▸ Orange, later greenish milk that stains weakly orange on exposure
  • │ ▸ Gills bruise green where damaged
  • │ ▸ Stem without distinct pits; latex mild to slightly bitter, never hot
habitatForest clearings and trails, on soil among leaf litter and moss
edibilityEdible when young and still pure white inside (must be firm throughout)
├─ Key Features
  • │ ▸ Round, pear-like fruit body covered in small pointed warts/spines
  • │ ▸ White when young, turning tan/brownish with age
  • │ ▸ Small opening (pore) at the top through which spores are released as a puff of dust
└─ The warts form a characteristic mosaic pattern on the cap. When ripe, tapping the puffball releases a cloud of olive-brown spores through the apical pore.
habitatConiferous forest, mycorrhizal with spruce and pine
edibilityEdible when young, but often bitter
├─ Key Features
  • │ ▸ Large brown cap covered with coarse, dark brown, roof-shingle-like scales
  • │ ▸ Grey-brown, brittle teeth instead of gills under the cap
  • │ ▸ Becomes broadly funnel-shaped with age, sometimes with greenish zones
  • │ ▸ Stout, grey-brown stem
└─ Often deeply bitter; cooking does not remove the bitter taste, making most finds unusable.